Disabled Women and Violence: Access to Justice Eliona Gjecaj skrifar 5. desember 2023 09:00 Violence against disabled women is a major human rights concern. Of grave concern is the fact that disabled women are at a higher risk than other women of experiencing violence, that they experience violence for longer periods of time than non-disabled women, and that they experience a wider range of forms of violence. While a large body of research on violence against disabled women exists internationally, in Iceland the number has been growing and covering different aspects of such violence (Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir et al. 2023; Gjecaj et al. 2023; Arnalds and Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir 2013; Bergsveinsdóttir 2017; Haraldsdóttir 2017; Traustadóttir and Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir 2014; Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir and Traustadóttir 2015). To date, research focusing on access to justice for disabled women who have been subjected to violence remains surprisingly sparse. Drawing from my current research study, which is based in Iceland and aims to deepen understanding and expand knowledge of this topic, I provide below some findings and recommendations which can inform initiatives to enhance access to justice for disabled women: Lack of reporting violence: Most of the disabled women interviewed for this study did not report the violence they experienced. Main reasons were lack of accessibility to do so, they knew they were not seen as being credible, and because of fear of potential media emphatic portrayals of their disability as well as the dismissive and imposing shame reactions by the community overall. Raising awareness throughout the society and media outlets is necessary to educate and address the negative connotations attached to disability and disabled people. Positive actions must be taken by the government to ensure disabled women that their voice matters, will be heard and believed across the justice structures. Importance of Rights Protection Officers. Their role is crucial to protect the rights of disabled women when reporting and/or prosecuting violence. Their help in seeking supports and reasonable accommodations to meet the needs of the disabled woman is essential. In addition, they play a key role in informing other justice workers in how to facilitate and accommodate disabled women who report violence. The involvement of Rights Protection Officers is not obligatory but should be strengthened. Lack of clarity about the need to provide reasonable accommodations. While Rights Protection Officers can be called upon to identify and recommend individually- tailored adjustments, there is no clear obligation on justice staff to accept their recommendations and provide reasonable accommodations. It is recommended that that this problem is addressed and that the reasonable accommodation duty be included expressly and clearly explained in relevant investigation and prosecution guidelines. This would be in line with the requirements of the CRPD. Lack of disability-based-rights training for all those involved in administrating, leading, and executing the justice system. The current limited training given to police and judges is not sufficient nor adequate. Stronger measures in terms of training, reasonable accommodations, social understanding of disability, the intersection of disability and gender, and disability human rights, are needed to ensure disabled women’s access to justice. Only by ensuring appropriate training and awareness-raising can the human rights principles and values of the CRPD be firmly embedded across the Icelandic justice system. Access to justice should rest on systematic protections, not accident or happenstance. It is therefore timely for the government to redouble its efforts to ensure the provision of effective access to justice for disabled women seeking redress for violence against them. It could make important progress to this end by taking action on these recommendations. Höfundur er doktorsnemi í fötlunarfræðum við HÍ. Greinin er birt í tengslum við alþjóðlegt 16 daga átak gegn kynbundnu ofbeldi. Viltu birta grein á Vísi? Sendu okkur póst. Senda grein 16 daga átak gegn kynbundnu ofbeldi Kynferðisofbeldi Mest lesið Þjónn, það er bakslag í beinasoðinu mínu Hlédís Maren Guðmundsdóttir Skoðun Er loftslagskvíðinn horfinn? Sonja Huld Guðjónsdóttir Skoðun Hagsmunir flugrekstrar á Íslandi eru miklir Jóhannes Bjarni Guðmundsson Skoðun Betri hellir, stærri kylfur? Ingvar Þóroddsson Skoðun Aðförin að einkabílnum eða bara meira frelsi? Kristín Hrefna Halldórsdóttir Skoðun Málið er dautt (A Modest Proposal) Skoðun Kvöld sem er ekki bara fyrir börnin Alicja Lei Skoðun Líttupp - ertu að missa af einhverju? Skúli Bragi Geirdal Skoðun Kvennabarátta á tímum bakslags Tatjana Latinovic Skoðun Femínísk utanríkisstefna: aukin samstaða og aðgerðir Guillaume Bazard Skoðun Skoðun Skoðun Ekki mamman í hópnum - leiðtoginn í hópnum Katrín Ásta Sigurjónsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Rannsóknarnefnd styrjalda Gunnar Einarsson skrifar Skoðun Börn eiga ekki heima í fangelsi Tótla I. Sæmundsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Aðförin að einkabílnum eða bara meira frelsi? Kristín Hrefna Halldórsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Kvöld sem er ekki bara fyrir börnin Alicja Lei skrifar Skoðun Verkakonur samtímans – og nýtt skeið í kvennabaráttu! Guðrún Margrét Guðmundsdóttir,Aleksandra Leonardsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Málið er dautt (A Modest Proposal) skrifar Skoðun Femínísk utanríkisstefna: aukin samstaða og aðgerðir Guillaume Bazard skrifar Skoðun Hagsmunir flugrekstrar á Íslandi eru miklir Jóhannes Bjarni Guðmundsson skrifar Skoðun Þjónn, það er bakslag í beinasoðinu mínu Hlédís Maren Guðmundsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Samhljómur á meðal ÍSÍ og Íslandsspila um endursköpun spilaumhverfisins Ingvar Örn Ingvarsson skrifar Skoðun Kvennabarátta á tímum bakslags Tatjana Latinovic skrifar Skoðun Líttupp - ertu að missa af einhverju? Skúli Bragi Geirdal skrifar Skoðun Betri hellir, stærri kylfur? Ingvar Þóroddsson skrifar Skoðun Er loftslagskvíðinn horfinn? Sonja Huld Guðjónsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Okur fákeppni og ofurvextir halda uppi verðbólgu Þorsteinn Sæmundsson skrifar Skoðun Óverjandi framkoma við fyrirtæki Ólafur Stephensen skrifar Skoðun Viljum við læra af sögunni eða endurtaka hana? Arndís Anna Kristínardóttir Gunnarsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Réttlæti hins sterka. Þegar vitleysan í dómsal slær allt út Jörgen Ingimar Hansson skrifar Skoðun Sameiginlegt sundkort fyrir höfuðborgarsvæðið – löngu tímabært Þórdís Lóa Þórhallsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Frá Peking 1995 til 2025: Samstarf, framþróun og ný heimsskipan Karl Héðinn Kristjánsson skrifar Skoðun Ástarsvik ein tegund ofbeldis gegn eldra fólki Kolbrún Áslaugar Baldursdóttir skrifar Skoðun Lítil bleik slaufa kemur miklu til leiðar Halla Þorvaldsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Fræ menntunar – frá Froebel til Jung Kristín Magdalena Ágústsdóttir skrifar Skoðun 1500 vanvirk ungmenni í Reykjavík Magnea Gná Jóhannsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Hvað eiga kaffihúsin á 18. öld á Englandi og gervigreind sameiginlegt? Stefán Atli Rúnarsson skrifar Skoðun Að hafa trú á samfélaginu Hjálmar Bogi Hafliðason skrifar Skoðun Sköpum samfélag fyrir börn Gunnar Salvarsson skrifar Skoðun Skrift er málið Guðbjörg Rut Þórisdóttir skrifar Skoðun Viltu hafa jákvæð áhrif þegar þú ferðast? Ásdís Guðmundsdóttir skrifar Sjá meira
Violence against disabled women is a major human rights concern. Of grave concern is the fact that disabled women are at a higher risk than other women of experiencing violence, that they experience violence for longer periods of time than non-disabled women, and that they experience a wider range of forms of violence. While a large body of research on violence against disabled women exists internationally, in Iceland the number has been growing and covering different aspects of such violence (Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir et al. 2023; Gjecaj et al. 2023; Arnalds and Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir 2013; Bergsveinsdóttir 2017; Haraldsdóttir 2017; Traustadóttir and Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir 2014; Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir and Traustadóttir 2015). To date, research focusing on access to justice for disabled women who have been subjected to violence remains surprisingly sparse. Drawing from my current research study, which is based in Iceland and aims to deepen understanding and expand knowledge of this topic, I provide below some findings and recommendations which can inform initiatives to enhance access to justice for disabled women: Lack of reporting violence: Most of the disabled women interviewed for this study did not report the violence they experienced. Main reasons were lack of accessibility to do so, they knew they were not seen as being credible, and because of fear of potential media emphatic portrayals of their disability as well as the dismissive and imposing shame reactions by the community overall. Raising awareness throughout the society and media outlets is necessary to educate and address the negative connotations attached to disability and disabled people. Positive actions must be taken by the government to ensure disabled women that their voice matters, will be heard and believed across the justice structures. Importance of Rights Protection Officers. Their role is crucial to protect the rights of disabled women when reporting and/or prosecuting violence. Their help in seeking supports and reasonable accommodations to meet the needs of the disabled woman is essential. In addition, they play a key role in informing other justice workers in how to facilitate and accommodate disabled women who report violence. The involvement of Rights Protection Officers is not obligatory but should be strengthened. Lack of clarity about the need to provide reasonable accommodations. While Rights Protection Officers can be called upon to identify and recommend individually- tailored adjustments, there is no clear obligation on justice staff to accept their recommendations and provide reasonable accommodations. It is recommended that that this problem is addressed and that the reasonable accommodation duty be included expressly and clearly explained in relevant investigation and prosecution guidelines. This would be in line with the requirements of the CRPD. Lack of disability-based-rights training for all those involved in administrating, leading, and executing the justice system. The current limited training given to police and judges is not sufficient nor adequate. Stronger measures in terms of training, reasonable accommodations, social understanding of disability, the intersection of disability and gender, and disability human rights, are needed to ensure disabled women’s access to justice. Only by ensuring appropriate training and awareness-raising can the human rights principles and values of the CRPD be firmly embedded across the Icelandic justice system. Access to justice should rest on systematic protections, not accident or happenstance. It is therefore timely for the government to redouble its efforts to ensure the provision of effective access to justice for disabled women seeking redress for violence against them. It could make important progress to this end by taking action on these recommendations. Höfundur er doktorsnemi í fötlunarfræðum við HÍ. Greinin er birt í tengslum við alþjóðlegt 16 daga átak gegn kynbundnu ofbeldi.
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