Disabled Women and Violence: Access to Justice Eliona Gjecaj skrifar 5. desember 2023 09:00 Violence against disabled women is a major human rights concern. Of grave concern is the fact that disabled women are at a higher risk than other women of experiencing violence, that they experience violence for longer periods of time than non-disabled women, and that they experience a wider range of forms of violence. While a large body of research on violence against disabled women exists internationally, in Iceland the number has been growing and covering different aspects of such violence (Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir et al. 2023; Gjecaj et al. 2023; Arnalds and Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir 2013; Bergsveinsdóttir 2017; Haraldsdóttir 2017; Traustadóttir and Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir 2014; Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir and Traustadóttir 2015). To date, research focusing on access to justice for disabled women who have been subjected to violence remains surprisingly sparse. Drawing from my current research study, which is based in Iceland and aims to deepen understanding and expand knowledge of this topic, I provide below some findings and recommendations which can inform initiatives to enhance access to justice for disabled women: Lack of reporting violence: Most of the disabled women interviewed for this study did not report the violence they experienced. Main reasons were lack of accessibility to do so, they knew they were not seen as being credible, and because of fear of potential media emphatic portrayals of their disability as well as the dismissive and imposing shame reactions by the community overall. Raising awareness throughout the society and media outlets is necessary to educate and address the negative connotations attached to disability and disabled people. Positive actions must be taken by the government to ensure disabled women that their voice matters, will be heard and believed across the justice structures. Importance of Rights Protection Officers. Their role is crucial to protect the rights of disabled women when reporting and/or prosecuting violence. Their help in seeking supports and reasonable accommodations to meet the needs of the disabled woman is essential. In addition, they play a key role in informing other justice workers in how to facilitate and accommodate disabled women who report violence. The involvement of Rights Protection Officers is not obligatory but should be strengthened. Lack of clarity about the need to provide reasonable accommodations. While Rights Protection Officers can be called upon to identify and recommend individually- tailored adjustments, there is no clear obligation on justice staff to accept their recommendations and provide reasonable accommodations. It is recommended that that this problem is addressed and that the reasonable accommodation duty be included expressly and clearly explained in relevant investigation and prosecution guidelines. This would be in line with the requirements of the CRPD. Lack of disability-based-rights training for all those involved in administrating, leading, and executing the justice system. The current limited training given to police and judges is not sufficient nor adequate. Stronger measures in terms of training, reasonable accommodations, social understanding of disability, the intersection of disability and gender, and disability human rights, are needed to ensure disabled women’s access to justice. Only by ensuring appropriate training and awareness-raising can the human rights principles and values of the CRPD be firmly embedded across the Icelandic justice system. Access to justice should rest on systematic protections, not accident or happenstance. It is therefore timely for the government to redouble its efforts to ensure the provision of effective access to justice for disabled women seeking redress for violence against them. It could make important progress to this end by taking action on these recommendations. Höfundur er doktorsnemi í fötlunarfræðum við HÍ. Greinin er birt í tengslum við alþjóðlegt 16 daga átak gegn kynbundnu ofbeldi. Viltu birta grein á Vísi? Sendu okkur póst. Senda grein 16 daga átak gegn kynbundnu ofbeldi Kynferðisofbeldi Athugið. Vísir hvetur lesendur til að skiptast á skoðunum. Allar athugasemdir eru á ábyrgð þeirra er þær rita. Lesendur skulu halda sig við málefnalega og hófstillta umræðu og áskilur Vísir sér rétt til að fjarlægja ummæli og/eða umræðu sem fer út fyrir þau mörk. Vísir mun loka á aðgang þeirra sem tjá sig ekki undir eigin nafni eða gerast ítrekað brotlegir við ofangreindar umgengnisreglur. Mest lesið Skautadrottningin Katrín Jakobsdóttir Einar Steingrímsson Skoðun Þegar orðið einelti er gjaldfellt – Til fylgjenda Katrínar Jakobsdóttur Kolbrá Höskuldsdóttir Skoðun Fátækt er ekki blankheit Guðmunda G. Guðmundsdóttir Skoðun Öfgar og ósannindi Oddný G. Harðardóttir Skoðun Að velja sér forseta Sigrún Helgadóttir Skoðun Fremst meðal jafningja: Halla Tómasdóttir á Bessastaði Birna Jónsdóttir Skoðun Hvaðan kemur fylgi Katrínar? Hjörtur J. Guðmundsson Skoðun Katrín á Bessastaði Björn Snæbjörnsson Skoðun Fararheill til Bessastaða Ynda Eldborg Skoðun Hverjir bera ábyrgð á að halda launum kvenna niðri? Diljá Mist Einarsdóttir Skoðun Skoðun Skoðun Hvaðan kemur fylgi Katrínar? Hjörtur J. Guðmundsson skrifar Skoðun Hvað viljum við? skrifar Skoðun Fátækt er ekki blankheit Guðmunda G. Guðmundsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Fremst meðal jafningja: Halla Tómasdóttir á Bessastaði Birna Jónsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Skautadrottningin Katrín Jakobsdóttir Einar Steingrímsson skrifar Skoðun Hulda eða Stoltenberg? Ögmundur Jónasson skrifar Skoðun Katrín á Bessastaði Björn Snæbjörnsson skrifar Skoðun Hvað er það sem Alþingi ber að vernda á Þingvöllum? Lára Magnúsardóttir skrifar Skoðun Öllu frelsi fylgir ábyrgð, líka tjáningarfrelsinu Arnar Þór Jónsson skrifar Skoðun Vegna umræðunnar um dánaraðstoð Ingrid Kuhlman,Bjarni Jónsson,Steinar Harðarson,Sylviane Lecoultre,Veturliði Þór Stefánsson,Íris Davíðsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Að velja sér forseta Sigrún Helgadóttir skrifar Skoðun Sameiningartákn á tímum sundrungar Birna Gunnlaugsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Hvað væri lífið án vina? Valerio Gargiulo skrifar Skoðun Hverjir bera ábyrgð á að halda launum kvenna niðri? Diljá Mist Einarsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Fararheill til Bessastaða Ynda Eldborg skrifar Skoðun Öfgar og ósannindi Oddný G. Harðardóttir skrifar Skoðun Tímabær orð Unnar Arndísardóttur um afstæði barneigna Matthildur Björnsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Í hjarta sínu græn, en varla í reynd Ole Anton Bieltvedt skrifar Skoðun Halla Hrund - ein af okkur Hjálmar Gíslason skrifar Skoðun Að sameina frekar en sundra Fríða Björk Ingvarsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Þegar orðið einelti er gjaldfellt – Til fylgjenda Katrínar Jakobsdóttur Kolbrá Höskuldsdóttir skrifar Skoðun Hvaða eiginleika þarf forseti að hafa? Hildur Eir Bolladóttir skrifar Skoðun Þegar ég heyri nafnið Katrín Jakobsdóttir Hans Alexander Margrétarson Hansen skrifar Skoðun Í framhaldi af viðtali við Helgu Þórisdóttur Kári Stefánsson skrifar Skoðun Góð gildi og staðfesta Höllu Hrundar Margrét Reynisdóttir skrifar Skoðun Halla Hrund eða Katrín? Reynir Böðvarsson skrifar Skoðun Til áréttingar Kári Stefánsson skrifar Skoðun Kynhlutlaust mál, máltilfinning og forsetaframboð Höskuldur Þráinsson skrifar Skoðun Er klassískt frjálslyndi orðið að jaðarskoðun? Kári Allansson skrifar Skoðun Forseti Íslands veifaði mér Fjóla Einarsdóttir skrifar Sjá meira
Violence against disabled women is a major human rights concern. Of grave concern is the fact that disabled women are at a higher risk than other women of experiencing violence, that they experience violence for longer periods of time than non-disabled women, and that they experience a wider range of forms of violence. While a large body of research on violence against disabled women exists internationally, in Iceland the number has been growing and covering different aspects of such violence (Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir et al. 2023; Gjecaj et al. 2023; Arnalds and Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir 2013; Bergsveinsdóttir 2017; Haraldsdóttir 2017; Traustadóttir and Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir 2014; Snæfríðar-Gunnarsdóttir and Traustadóttir 2015). To date, research focusing on access to justice for disabled women who have been subjected to violence remains surprisingly sparse. Drawing from my current research study, which is based in Iceland and aims to deepen understanding and expand knowledge of this topic, I provide below some findings and recommendations which can inform initiatives to enhance access to justice for disabled women: Lack of reporting violence: Most of the disabled women interviewed for this study did not report the violence they experienced. Main reasons were lack of accessibility to do so, they knew they were not seen as being credible, and because of fear of potential media emphatic portrayals of their disability as well as the dismissive and imposing shame reactions by the community overall. Raising awareness throughout the society and media outlets is necessary to educate and address the negative connotations attached to disability and disabled people. Positive actions must be taken by the government to ensure disabled women that their voice matters, will be heard and believed across the justice structures. Importance of Rights Protection Officers. Their role is crucial to protect the rights of disabled women when reporting and/or prosecuting violence. Their help in seeking supports and reasonable accommodations to meet the needs of the disabled woman is essential. In addition, they play a key role in informing other justice workers in how to facilitate and accommodate disabled women who report violence. The involvement of Rights Protection Officers is not obligatory but should be strengthened. Lack of clarity about the need to provide reasonable accommodations. While Rights Protection Officers can be called upon to identify and recommend individually- tailored adjustments, there is no clear obligation on justice staff to accept their recommendations and provide reasonable accommodations. It is recommended that that this problem is addressed and that the reasonable accommodation duty be included expressly and clearly explained in relevant investigation and prosecution guidelines. This would be in line with the requirements of the CRPD. Lack of disability-based-rights training for all those involved in administrating, leading, and executing the justice system. The current limited training given to police and judges is not sufficient nor adequate. Stronger measures in terms of training, reasonable accommodations, social understanding of disability, the intersection of disability and gender, and disability human rights, are needed to ensure disabled women’s access to justice. Only by ensuring appropriate training and awareness-raising can the human rights principles and values of the CRPD be firmly embedded across the Icelandic justice system. Access to justice should rest on systematic protections, not accident or happenstance. It is therefore timely for the government to redouble its efforts to ensure the provision of effective access to justice for disabled women seeking redress for violence against them. It could make important progress to this end by taking action on these recommendations. Höfundur er doktorsnemi í fötlunarfræðum við HÍ. Greinin er birt í tengslum við alþjóðlegt 16 daga átak gegn kynbundnu ofbeldi.
Þegar orðið einelti er gjaldfellt – Til fylgjenda Katrínar Jakobsdóttur Kolbrá Höskuldsdóttir Skoðun
Skoðun Vegna umræðunnar um dánaraðstoð Ingrid Kuhlman,Bjarni Jónsson,Steinar Harðarson,Sylviane Lecoultre,Veturliði Þór Stefánsson,Íris Davíðsdóttir skrifar
Skoðun Þegar orðið einelti er gjaldfellt – Til fylgjenda Katrínar Jakobsdóttur Kolbrá Höskuldsdóttir skrifar
Þegar orðið einelti er gjaldfellt – Til fylgjenda Katrínar Jakobsdóttur Kolbrá Höskuldsdóttir Skoðun